South Korea in comparison with Singapore and Switzerland.

Why level of masculinity and power distance is high in Korea and Singapore?
I already tell my opinion in class today. But after class, I thought deeply why masculinity and power distance score is high not only in South Korea and Singapore but also in many major countries like Switzerland(스위스) and America.

I accept that there can be many resonable explanations about this. Most of all, I'm gonna look through 'history'. I'm not familiar with history much but I can figure it out when I look through history slightly. South Korea and Singapore have got through lots of  hardships and were under control of other countries. Singapore was under domination of Portugal in 16th century and under influence of Netherland in 17th century. Since 1867, Singapore was incorporated to colony of United Kingdom. And Singapore was colony of Japan from 1942 to 1945.

Countries like Singapore and Korea were surrounded by many strong countries in history. So they got invasion from other countries easily and many times. In this situations, any countries in the world should protect their territory, lives and property of nation. Governments mobilize the military forces and that becomes first priority to their country because exsitance of their country depends on defense. This made masculinity become serious and contribute to the begining of society which goes focussing on man. In masculine society, we tend to learn self-denial rather than indulgence. And women can be discriminated easily. So power distance and glass ceiling for women can get serious as well.

What is interesting is that Switzerland which was nutral country during the World War II has higer level in masculinity. Probably, there is just only little exception that masculinity is pervaded through whole world. However, important difference exsists. Switzerland has low level in Power Distance. They have advanced and matured civic awearness about equality between male and female.